Beyond Vanilla Cosmology: The Search for Deviations from Inflationary Lambda-CDM

Mark Wyman, Perimeter Institute

Abstract:

Cosmology has reached a crossroads. A decade of high- quality data has established a cosmological standard model. At present, six well-measured parameters can explain many disparate observations. But the theory behind this model is far from clear. Our current model, successful though it is, is not firmly tied to fundamental physics. There is no lack of ideas, however. Many proposals are exotic: Do we live on a brane in extra spatial dimensions? Are cosmic strings our best hope for learning about the inflationary epoch?

To be compelling, new theories must make novel, testable predictions of unexpected phenomena. In this colloquium, I will review some such theoretical ideas, emphasizing testable predictions made in my own work. I will demonstrate that cosmic strings can be made after inflation. These strings can produce observable B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background radiation. I will also show that gravity is different if there are more than 3 spatial dimensions. This kind of modification changes structure formation in ways observable by upcoming astronomical surveys.